Concrete block for cribwork and the like.



W. D. JOHNSTON. CONCRETE BLOCK FOR ORIBWORK AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, 1906.

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' INVENTOR \NZD. JOHNSTON.

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W. D. JOHNSTON. GONORETBBLOGK FOR CRIBWORK AND THE LIKE.

v ,PP LIcATlQN FILED NOV. 21, 1906. 923,975 I v Patented June 8,1909.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1909.

Application filed November 21, rate. can; We. create.

I To all it my concern:

' of the; city, county,

Be it known that I, WALTER D. Jonnsrori,

and State of. New York,

United Statesof America, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in i loncrete Blocksforcribwork and the Like,

.sageways therethrough *ada of which the following is a specification.

F My invention relates to 1mprovements in blocks for concrete construction particularly adaptable for the construction of docks, break-waters, wharves, bulkheads, sea-walls and other' submarine works of analogous my invention are to provide a simple and improved means wherebysuch works may be conveniently,

inexpensively and rapidly ctn structed without the necessity of employing divers or of erecting temporary c'aissons' during the building operation; and :it consists essen tially of a plurality of similarly shaped blocks arranged in vertical and horizontal series, the said blocks having vertical pasted to register and each block being provide with tenon lugs which fit irim slots provided in the adjacent block of the horizontal series, the passageways in the blocks being filled with a suitable ling material as hereinafter more fully set forth and described.

7 I am aware that it has been proposed to construct submarine works of the nature I have mentioned with a number of irregular shaped blocks adapted to fit together and be locked by means of suitable locking pins extending into recesses in each block but the disadvantage of this is that it is always necessary to have a diver to fit the pins into the recesses under water when the bottom is neven.

With my proved construction I am enabled if desired to fit the whole bottom to- Y gether prior to submerging.

indicate correspondingparts in each a In the tawings: Figure 1 is a top view of a dock embed g my invention. Fig. 2 is' a front view 0 the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the block. Fig. 4

- is a sectional connection-between the blocks.

Fig. 5 is-a sectional detail of an alternative i of connection.

In the drawings like letters of reference A is the block which may be of any esirable 131:: material but is referably formed of concrete. In each block are formed a number of bores or assage-ways (1, adapted to, extend vertical y when the andv shape of these passage-ways will de- 1 pend in a large extent on the character of the filling material and it is evident that they may be formed in any shape.

As shown the block is formed square and has integral with each side thereof outwardly projecting tenon lugs b and a on two of, its sides and on the other two sides dovetailed slots (1 and e into whichthe tenon lugs of the adjacent blocks are adapted to fit. In Fig 5 l have shown a slot circular in cross-section in place of dove-tailed as shown in the other figures. I 1

In carrying out the construction of the submarine dock the lower blocks or sec tions of the dock are fitted together with the tenon lugs of one block fitting in the slots in the adjacent block. These may be 'fitted together before being submerged or after.

It is evident that the tenon lugs form convenient means for insuring that .the block is in position even after submcrging. The blocks which are to occupy the outer edge of the block will of course not have any tenon lugs outwardly protruding therefrom but will be made smooth as shown. The next horizontal series of blocks is then superimposed on these and is formed of blocks of exactly the same size and shape as the" lower'layer and having thevertical bores or passages in the various blocks thereon registering with the similar passages in the lower la er.

As many ayers as are desired to raise the dock to the required height are placed on top of the lowest layer and finally a suitable filling material such as rough concrete or sand is filled'in the vertical bores or passages in the blocks thus binding them alltogether and locking each horizontal series together. It will thus be seen that when the entire construction is carried out the whole pier. is. locked together and forms a solid whole which cannot be moved in any direc tion. I

I If desired my form of; concrete block might be employed on the wall of a build ing and in this case the blocks would be placed vertical with the passages therein ex-.

tending horizontally;

It will be understood that in carrying out submarine construction such as piers or abutments the outer facing wall might be feed of granite or other hard stone suited for the purpose and my improved blocks or sections used for the filling of the dock.

While I have described with great particularity of detail one specific embodiment of my invention yet it is not to be understood therefrom that the invention is limited thereto as changes may be made in the details thereof without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as my invention is The herein described means of building submarine constructions, which consists in a plurality of rectagonal' blocks arranged in horizontal series, each block having two dove-tailed tenon lugs on adjacent sides thereof, the outer faces of the said lugs being flat and greater in area than the re mainder of the side to which it is secured,

the said blocks also having on the opposite sides, two recesses into which the tenon lugs on the adjacent blocks are adapted to vter with the superimposed blocks the outer edges of the passageways being parallel with the faces of the blocks and filling material in the vertical passageways locking all the horizontal series together.

Signed at Brooklyn, New York, in the State of New York, this 14th day of November, 1906.

WALTER D. JOHNSTON.

Witnesses CHAS. B. LA Von, DICKINSON E. GRIFFITH. 

